Daryeelka qorraxda, gaar ahaan ilaalinta qorraxda, waa mid ka mid ahqaybaha ugu kobaca badan suuqa daryeelka shaqsiga.Sidoo kale, ilaalinta UV hadda waxaa lagu darayaa badeecooyin badan oo maalinle ah oo la isku qurxiyo (tusaale ahaan, alaabada daryeelka maqaarka wejiga iyo qurxinta qurxinta), maadaama macaamiishu ay si aad ah u ogaadaan in baahida loo qabo in laga ilaaliyo qorraxda aysan khuseyn oo keliya fasaxa xeebta.
Qaabeeyaha daryeelka qorraxda ee maantawaa inay gaaraan SPF sare iyo heerarka ilaalinta UVA ee adag, iyadoo sidoo kale laga dhigayo alaab ku filan oo qurux badan si loogu dhiirrigeliyo u hoggaansanaanta macaamiisha, iyo kharash-ool ah oo ku filan in la awoodi karo waqtiyada adag ee dhaqaalaha.
Hufnaanta iyo quruxdu waxay dhab ahaantii ku xiran yihiin midba midka kale; kordhinta waxtarka firfircoonida la isticmaalo waxay u suurtagelinaysaa in alaabada SPF sare la abuuro iyadoo la adeegsanayo heerarka ugu yar ee shaandheeyayaasha UV. Tani waxay u oggolaanaysaa sameeyaha xorriyad weyn si uu u wanaajiyo dareenka maqaarka. Taas bedelkeeda, bilicda badeecadaha wanaagsan waxay dhiirrigelisaa macaamiisha inay marsadaan alaabooyin badan sidaas darteedna ay u dhawaadaan SPF-ga calaamadaysan.
Astaamaha Waxqabadka ee la Tixgelinayo marka la Xulayo Shaandheeyayaasha UV ee Qaababka Qurxinta
• Badbaadada kooxda loogu talagalay isticmaalaha ugu dambeeya- Dhammaan shaandheeyayaasha UV-ga ayaa si ballaaran loo tijaabiyay si loo hubiyo inay si dabiici ah ammaan u yihiin isticmaalka dusha sare; si kastaba ha ahaatee, dad xasaasi ah oo gaar ah ayaa laga yaabaa inay xasaasiyad ku yeeshaan noocyada gaarka ah ee shaandheeyayaasha UV-ga.
• Waxtarka SPF- Tani waxay ku xiran tahay mowjadda ugu badan ee nuugista, baaxadda nuugista, iyo ballaca spectrum-ka nuugista.
• Waxtarka ilaalinta baaxadda ballaaran / UVA- Qaacidooyinka casriga ah ee qorraxda ayaa looga baahan yahay inay buuxiyaan heerarka ilaalinta UVA qaarkood, laakiin waxa inta badan aan si fiican loo fahmin ayaa ah in ilaalinta UVA ay sidoo kale gacan ka geysato SPF.
• Saamaynta dareenka maqaarka- Shaandheeyayaasha UV ee kala duwan waxay leeyihiin saameyn kala duwan oo ku saabsan dareenka maqaarka; tusaale ahaan qaar ka mid ah shaandheeyayaasha UV ee dareeraha ah waxay dareemi karaan "dhegdheg" ama "culus" maqaarka, halka shaandheeyayaasha biyaha ku milma ay gacan ka geystaan dareenka maqaarka qalalan.
• Muuqaalka maqaarka- Shaandheeyayaasha aan dabiiciga ahayn iyo walxaha dabiiciga ah waxay sababi karaan in maqaarka lagu caddeeyo marka loo isticmaalo xaddi badan; tani badanaa waa mid aan loo baahnayn, laakiin codsiyada qaarkood (tusaale ahaan daryeelka qorraxda ilmaha) waxaa loo arki karaa inay tahay faa'iido.
• Xasillooni sawireed- Dhowr shaandhooyin UV dabiici ah ayaa qudhmi kara marka ay la kulmaan UV, taasoo yareynaysa waxtarkooda; laakiin shaandhooyin kale ayaa kaa caawin kara xasilinta shaandhooyinkan "sawir-qaadis leh" iyo yareynta ama ka hortagga qudhmida.
• Iska caabbinta biyaha- Ku darista shaandheeyayaasha UV-ga ee biyaha ku salaysan oo ay weheliyaan kuwa saliidda ku salaysan waxay inta badan kordhisaa SPF-ga, laakiin waxay ka dhigi kartaa mid aad u adag in la gaaro iska caabbinta biyaha.
» Fiiri Dhammaan Waxyaabaha iyo Alaab-qeybiyeyaasha Daryeelka Qorraxda ee Ganacsi ahaan Loo Heli Karo ee ku jira Xogta Qurxinta
Kiimikooyinka Shaandhaynta UV
Waxyaabaha firfircoon ee ka hortagga qorraxda waxaa guud ahaan loo kala saaraa inay yihiin kareemo qorraxeed oo dabiici ah ama kareemo qorraxeed oo aan dabiici ahayn. Kiniiniyada qorraxda ee dabiiciga ah waxay si xoog leh u nuugaan hirar gaar ah waxayna u muuqdaan kuwo hufan iftiinka la arki karo. Kiimikooyinka qorraxda ee aan dabiiciga ahayn waxay u shaqeeyaan iyagoo ka tarjumaya ama kala firdhinaya shucaaca UV.
Aan si qoto dheer uga baranno iyaga:
Qoryaha qorraxda ee dabiiciga ah
Qorrax-ilaalinta dabiiciga ah waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaankareemada qorraxda ee kiimikada ahKuwani waxay ka kooban yihiin molecules dabiici ah (ku salaysan kaarboon) kuwaas oo u shaqeeya sidii kareemo qorraxda iyagoo nuugaya shucaaca UV una beddelaya tamar kuleyl.
Shaandhada Qorraxda ee Dabiiciga ah iyo Awoodaha iyo Daciifnimada
| Awoodaha | Daciifnimo |
| Quruxda qurxinta - inta badan shaandheeyayaasha dabiiciga ah, oo ah dareere ama adkaha milma, ma jiraan wax haraag ah oo muuqda oo ku yaal dusha sare ee maqaarka ka dib marka laga mariyo qaacido. | Muuqaal cidhiidhi ah - qaar badan ayaa ilaaliya oo keliya masaafada hirarka cidhiidhiga ah |
| Waxyaabaha dabiiciga ah ee dhaqameed waxaa si fiican u fahma qaacidooyinka | "Cocktails" ayaa loo baahan yahay si loo helo SPF sare |
| Waxtarka wanaagsan ee heerarka hooseeya | Qaar ka mid ah noocyada adag way adkaan kartaa in lagu milmo oo lagu hayo xalka |
| Su'aalo ku saabsan badbaadada, xanaaqa iyo saameynta deegaanka | |
| Qaar ka mid ah shaandheeyayaasha dabiiciga ah waa kuwo aan sawir lahayn |
Codsiyada qorraxda dabiiciga ah
Shaandheeyayaasha dabiiciga ah mabda' ahaan waxaa loo isticmaali karaa dhammaan alaabada daryeelka qorraxda / ilaalinta UV laakiin waxaa laga yaabaa inaysan ku habboonayn badeecadaha loogu talagalay carruurta ama maqaarka xasaasiga ah sababtoo ah suurtagalnimada falcelinta xasaasiyadda ee shakhsiyaadka xasaasiga ah. Sidoo kale kuma habboona alaabada sameeya sheegashooyinka "dabiiciga ah" ama "dabiiciga ah" maadaama dhammaantood ay yihiin kiimikooyin macmal ah.
Shaandheeyayaasha UV-ga Dabiiciga ah: Noocyada kiimikada
PABA (para-amino benzoic acid) oo laga sameeyay
• Tusaale: Ethylhexyl Dimethyl PABA
• Shaandheeyayaasha UVB
• Maalmahan si dhif ah ayaa loo isticmaalaa walaacyada badbaadada awgeed
Salicylates
• Tusaalooyin: Ethylhexyl Salicylate, Homosalate
• Shaandheeyayaasha UVB
• Qiimo jaban
• Waxtar yar marka loo eego inta badan shaandheeyayaasha kale
Qorfeyaal
• Tusaalooyin: Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate, Iso-amyl Methoxycinnamate, Octocrylene
• Shaandheeyayaasha UVB ee aadka waxtar u leh
• Octocrylene waa mid sawir qaadi karta waxayna ka caawisaa inay sawir ka qaaddo shaandheeyayaasha kale ee UV, laakiin qoraxyada kale waxay u muuqdaan inay leeyihiin xasillooni darro sawir qaadis ah
Benzophenones
• Tusaalooyin: Benzophenone-3, Benzophenone-4
• Bixi nuugista UVB iyo UVA labadaba
• Waxtar yar laakiin waxay gacan ka geysaneysaa kor u qaadista SPF marka lagu daro shaandheeyayaasha kale
• Benzophenone-3 si dhif ah ayaa looga isticmaalaa Yurub maalmahan sababo la xiriira walaacyo dhanka amniga ah.
Waxyaabaha ka soo baxa Triazine iyo Triazole
• Tusaalooyin: Ethylhexyl triazone, bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine
• Aad waxtar u leh
• Qaar waa shaandheeyayaasha UVB, kuwa kalena waxay bixiyaan ilaalin ballaaran oo UVA/UVB ah
• Xasillooni sawireed oo aad u wanaagsan
• Qaali ah
Waxyaabaha ka soo baxa Dibenzoyl
• Tusaalooyin: Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMDM), Diethylamino Hydroxybenzoyl Hexyl Benzoate (DHHB)
• nuugayaasha UVA ee aadka waxtar u leh
• BMDM waxay leedahay xasillooni darro sawir qaadis ah, laakiin DHHB aad bay u sawir qaadis badan tahay
Waxyaabaha laga helo Benzimidazole sulfonic acid
• Tusaalooyin: Phenylbenzimidazole Sulfonic Acid (PBSA), Disodium Phenyl Dibenzimidazole Tetrasulfonate (DPDT)
• Biyo ku milma (marka la dhexdhexaadiyo iyadoo la isticmaalayo saldhig ku habboon)
• PBSA waa shaandhada UVB; DPDT waa shaandhada UVA
• Badanaa waxay muujiyaan isku-dubarid shaandheeyayaasha saliidda ku milma marka la isku daro
Waxyaabaha ka soo jeeda xerada Camphor
• Tusaale: 4-Methylbenzylidene Camphor
• Shaandhada UVB
• Maalmahan si dhif ah ayaa loo isticmaalaa walaacyada badbaadada awgeed
Anthranilates
• Tusaale: Menthyl anthranilate
• Shaandheeyayaasha UVA
• Waxtarka hooseeya
• Yurub laguma ansixin
Polysilicon-15
• Polymer silikoon ah oo leh koromofoor ku jira silsiladaha dhinaca
• Shaandhada UVB
Kareemyada qorraxda ee aan dabiiciga ahayn
Qorrax-celiyahan waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaan qorraxda qorraxda ee jirka. Kuwaas waxay ka kooban yihiin walxo aan dabiici ahayn oo u shaqeeya sidii qorraxda qorraxda iyagoo nuugaya oo kala firdhinaya shucaaca UV. Qorrax-celiyaha aan dabiiciga ahayn waxaa laga heli karaa budo qalalan ama ka hor firdhinta.
Qorrax-ilaalinta aan dabiiciga ahayn ee aan dabiiciga ahayn. Xoogga & Daciifnimada
| Awoodaha | Daciifnimo |
| Ammaan ah / aan xanaaq lahayn | Aragtida bilicda liidata (dareenka maqaarka iyo caddaanka maqaarka) |
| Baaxadda ballaaran | Budada way adkaan kartaa in lagu sameeyo |
| SPF sare (30+) waxaa lagu gaari karaa hal firfircoon (TiO2) | Waxyaabaha aan dabiiciga ahayn ayaa lagu dhex arkay doodda nano. |
| Kala-firdhinta way fududahay in la isku daro | |
| Sawir-qaadis |
Codsiyada Shaandhooyinka Qorraxda ee aan dabiiciga ahayn
Kareemyada qorraxda ee aan dabiiciga ahayn waxay ku habboon yihiin codsiyada ilaalinta UV-ga marka laga reebo qaacidooyinka cad ama buufinta aerosol-ka. Waxay si gaar ah ugu habboon yihiin daryeelka qorraxda ilmaha, alaabada maqaarka ee xasaasiga ah, alaabada sameeya sheegashooyinka "dabiiciga ah", iyo qurxinta qurxinta.
Noocyada Kiimikada ee Shaandheeyayaasha UV-ga aan dabiiciga ahayn
Titanium Dioxide
• Shaandhada UVB ugu horreyn waa shaandho, laakiin qaar ka mid ah darajooyinka ayaa sidoo kale bixiya ilaalin wanaagsan oo UVA ah
• Darajooyin kala duwan oo la heli karo oo leh cabbirro kala duwan oo walxaha ah, dahaadh iwm.
• Darajooyinka badankood waxay ku dhacaan qaybta nanoparticles-ka
• Cabbirrada ugu yar ee walxaha ayaa aad u hufan maqaarka laakiin waxay bixiyaan ilaalin yar oo UVA ah; cabbirrada waaweyn waxay bixiyaan ilaalin badan oo UVA ah laakiin waxay sii cadeeyaan maqaarka
Zinc Oxide
• Shaandhada ugu muhiimsan waa shaandhada UVA; waxtarka SPF oo ka hooseeya TiO2, laakiin waxay bixisaa ilaalin ka wanaagsan TiO2 gobolka mowjadaha dheer ee "UVA-I"
• Darajooyin kala duwan oo la heli karo oo leh cabbirro kala duwan oo walxaha ah, dahaadh iwm.
• Darajooyinka badankood waxay ku dhacaan qaybta nanoparticles-ka
Shaxda Waxqabadka / Kiimikada
Heerka laga bilaabo -5 ilaa +5:
-5: saameyn taban oo muhiim ah | 0: saameyn la'aan | +5: saameyn togan oo muhiim ah
(Fiiro gaar ah: kharashka iyo caddeynta, "saameyn taban" macnaheedu waa kharashka ama caddeynta ayaa la kordhiyaa.)
| Qiimaha | SPF | UVA | Dareen Maqaarka | Cadaynta | Xasillooni sawireed | Biyo | |
| Benzofenone-3 | -2 | +4 | +2 | 0 | 0 | +3 | 0 |
| Benzofenone-4 | -2 | +2 | +2 | 0 | 0 | +3 | 0 |
| Bis-ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine | -4 | +5 | +5 | 0 | 0 | +4 | 0 |
| Butyl Methoxy-dibenzoylmethane | -2 | +2 | +5 | 0 | 0 | -5 | 0 |
| Diethylamino Hydroxy Benzoyl Hexyl Benzoate | -4 | +1 | +5 | 0 | 0 | +4 | 0 |
| Diethylhexyl Butamido Triazone | -4 | +4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +4 | 0 |
| Disodium Phenyl Dibenzimiazole Tetrasulfonate | -4 | +3 | +5 | 0 | 0 | +3 | -2 |
| Ethylhexyl Dimethyl PABA | -1 | +4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +2 | 0 |
| Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate | -2 | +4 | +1 | -1 | 0 | -3 | +1 |
| Ethylhexyl Salicylate | -1 | +1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +2 | 0 |
| Triazone Ethylhexyl | -3 | +4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +4 | 0 |
| Homosalate | -1 | +1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +2 | 0 |
| Isoamyl p-Methoxycinnamate | -3 | +4 | +1 | -1 | 0 | -2 | +1 |
| Menthyl Anthranilate | -3 | +1 | +2 | 0 | 0 | -1 | 0 |
| 4-Methylbenzylidene Camphor | -3 | +3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | 0 |
| Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol | -5 | +4 | +5 | -1 | -2 | +4 | -1 |
| Octocrylene | -3 | +3 | +1 | -2 | 0 | +5 | 0 |
| Phenylbenzimidazole Sulfonic Acid | -2 | +4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +3 | -2 |
| Polysilicon-15 | -4 | +1 | 0 | +1 | 0 | +3 | +2 |
| Triazine-biphenyl | -5 | +5 | +3 | -1 | -2 | +3 | -1 |
| Titanium Dioxide - heer hufan | -3 | +5 | +2 | -1 | 0 | +4 | 0 |
| Titanium Dioxide - nooc ballaaran oo spectrum ah | -3 | +5 | +4 | -2 | -3 | +4 | 0 |
| Zinc Oxide | -3 | +2 | +4 | -2 | -1 | +4 | 0 |
Arrimaha Saameeya Waxqabadka Shaandheeyayaasha UV
Sifooyinka waxqabadka ee titanium dioxide iyo zinc oxide aad bay u kala duwan yihiin iyadoo ku xiran sifooyinka gaarka ah ee heerka gaarka ah ee la isticmaalay, tusaale ahaan dahaarka, qaabka jireed (budada, kala firdhinta ku salaysan saliidda, kala firdhinta ku salaysan biyaha).Isticmaalayaashu waa inay la tashadaan alaab-qeybiyeyaasha ka hor inta aysan dooran darajada ugu habboon si ay u gaaraan yoolalka waxqabadkooda ee nidaamkooda dejinta.
Waxtarka shaandheeyayaasha UV-ga dabiiciga ah ee saliidda ku milma waxaa saameeya milmidooda ku jirta walxaha loo isticmaalo qaacidada. Guud ahaan, walxaha dabaysha ayaa ah kuwa ugu fiican ee loogu talagalay shaandheeyayaasha dabiiciga ah.
Waxqabadka dhammaan shaandheeyayaasha UV waxaa si weyn u saameeya dhaqanka rheological ee qaacidada iyo awooddeeda ay ku samayn karto filim siman oo isku xiran maqaarka. Isticmaalka waxyaabaha ku habboon ee sameeya filimada iyo waxyaabaha lagu daro rheological-ka ayaa badanaa gacan ka geysta hagaajinta waxtarka shaandheeyayaasha.
Isku-darka Xiiso leh ee shaandheeyayaasha UV (isku-darka)
Waxaa jira isku-darka badan ee shaandheeyayaasha UV-ga oo muujinaya isku-dhafka. Saamaynta ugu wanaagsan ee isku-dhafka ah waxaa badanaa lagu gaaraa iyadoo la isku daro shaandheeyayaasha si uun isu dhammaystira, tusaale ahaan:-
• Isku darka shaandheeyayaasha saliidda ku milma (ama saliidda ku milma) iyo shaandheeyayaasha biyaha ku milma (ama biyaha ku milma)
• Isku darka shaandheeyayaasha UVA iyo shaandheeyayaasha UVB
• Isku darka shaandheeyayaasha aan dabiiciga ahayn iyo shaandheeyayaasha dabiiciga ah
Waxaa sidoo kale jira isku-darka qaarkood oo keeni kara faa'iidooyin kale, tusaale ahaan waa la ogyahay in octocrylene ay ka caawiso xasilinta sawir-qaadista shaandheeyayaasha sawir-qaadista qaarkood sida butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa in qofku had iyo jeer ka taxaddaraa hantida garaadka ee aaggan. Waxaa jira shatiyo badan oo daboolaya isku-darka gaarka ah ee shaandheeyayaasha UV waxaana lagula talinayaa in qaacidooyinka ay rabaan inay isticmaalaan aysan mar walba hubin in isku-darka ay doonayaan inay isticmaalaan uusan jebin shatiyada dhinac saddexaad.
Xullo shaandhada UV-ga ee Saxda ah ee loogu talagalay Qaaciddada Qurxinta
Tallaabooyinka soo socda ayaa kaa caawin doona inaad doorato shaandhada UV ee saxda ah ee loogu talagalay qaacidadaada qurxinta:
1. Deji yoolal cad oo ku saabsan waxqabadka, sifooyinka bilicda iyo sheegashooyinka loogu talagalay qaacidada.
2. Hubi shaandheeyayaasha loo oggol yahay suuqa loogu talagalay.
3. Haddii aad haysato shaasi gaar ah oo aad rabto inaad isticmaasho, ka fiirso shaandheeyayaasha ku habboon shaasigaas. Si kastaba ha ahaatee haddii ay suurtogal tahay waxaa ugu wanaagsan inaad marka hore doorato shaandheeyayaasha oo aad naqshadayso qaacidada ku wareegsan. Tani waxay si gaar ah run ugu tahay shaandheeyayaasha aan organic ahayn ama walxaha dabiiciga ah ee walxaha.
4. Adeegso talada alaab-qeybiyeyaasha iyo/ama qalabka saadaasha sida BASF Sunscreen Simulator si aad u aqoonsato isku-darka ay tahay in la sameeyogaarsii SPF-ga loogu talagalayiyo bartilmaameedyada UVA.
Isku-darkaan waxaa markaa lagu tijaabin karaa qaacidooyinka. Hababka baaritaanka SPF iyo UVA ee In-vitro ayaa faa'iido leh marxaladdan si loo muujiyo isku-darka bixiya natiijooyinka ugu fiican marka loo eego waxqabadka - macluumaad dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan codsiga, fasiraadda iyo xaddidaadaha imtixaanadan waxaa lagu soo ururin karaa koorsada tababarka elektarooniga ah ee SpecialChem:UVA/SPF: Hagaajinta Habraacyada Tijaabadaada
Natiijooyinka baaritaanka, oo ay weheliyaan natiijooyinka baaritaanno iyo qiimeynno kale (tusaale ahaan xasilloonida, waxtarka ilaalinta, dareenka maqaarka), waxay awood u siinayaan sameeyaha inuu doorto ikhtiyaarka(yada) ugu fiican iyo sidoo kale inuu hago horumarinta dheeraadka ah ee qaacidada(yada).
Waqtiga boostada: Jan-03-2021